SATIVA: Carica papaya

ABSTRACT

Carica papaya is one of medicine plant that has many of beneficial for our body’s healthy. But, many people don’t know about that beneficial, so they don’t like eat or used the parts of Carica papaya plant. Because of that, this paper will discuss and explain about Carica papaya plant. In this paper will explain more clearly about the definition, the benefit, and the composition up to the diseases that can treated and prevent by every part of Carica papaya plant. The writer makes this paper writing with literary study method. I wish that this paper can be useful for everyone who needs information about Carica papaya plant. And I hope this paper can give enough information about Carica papaya plant.

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Problem

Carica papaya plant is one of plants in this earth that has erect and wet trunk. This plant resembled the palm, his flower was white and the ripe fruit was yellow reddish. Every part of papaya plant has many benefit and usefulness for our healthy. A lot of nutrition have been contained in this plant, start from this roots up to his latex. There are many of nutrition’s like vitamin, amino acids, protein, mineral, and many of chemist substances that very important for our healthy. Many of reset find that the substances which are contained in papaya plant can treat and prevent many of diseases, like typhus, cancer, tumor, kidney stone, burn injury, and others diseases and sickness. Ripe papaya also can help keep the digestion organ with increase absorption of fiber.

But at last, many of people do not care about it, they do not like eat papaya as special fruit. Especially because of their leaves which is very bitter. Because of that reason, this paper has been finished for inform that papaya plant is very important for our healthy. So, it is better if we like eat papaya and use others parts of papaya plants to try treat and prevent, many of diseases that n prevent by parts of papaya plants.

B. Identification of the Problem

For our healthy, our bodies need many of nutrition’s. This nutrition like carbohydrate, protein, mineral, amino acids, fat, calcium, vitamins, and many of substances that contained in foods, fruits, vegetables or drink. Some of that nutrition can get in Carica papaya plant. This plant contained of much nutrition’s which needed for our healthy. But at last, many people don’t like consume this plant It is because of many reason which out of our mind, like the leaves which very bitter if we eat, it is out of my mind because we know that now many of product have been seal to disappears the bitter in papaya leaves, so we can eat the leaves without the bitter. Because of that reason, Author write this paper to give information for the reader about how important substances in Carica papaya plants, so the reader will throw that reason which out of our mind. So the reader can try to eat the fruit of papaya or consume part of this plant that very itchy for our healthy.

C. Limitation of the Problem

In this paper, the author will limit the problem that will discuss in this paper. It is about the important of the Carica papaya plant for our healthy. Especially about the benefit of every parts of Carica papaya plant and tell the diseases that can treated by Carica papaya plant.

D. Formulation of the Problem

Based on the limitation of the problem, the formulations of the problem are:

What is Carica papaya plant?
What are the substances or composition that contained in Carica papaya plant?
What are the benefits of every part of Carica papaya plant?
Why every parts of Carica papaya plants can treat and prevent many of diseases, especially cancer?
Why Carica papaya plants are very important for our healthy?

E. Objectives

The objectives of makes this paper are:

To know clearly about Carica papaya plant
To know clearly what the substances that contained in Carica papaya plant
To know clearly the benefit of every part of Carica papaya plant
To know why part of Carica papaya plants an treat and prevent many of diseases
To know why Carica papaya plant very important for our healthy

CHAPTER II

THEORITICAL REVIEW

A. Definition of Carica papaya plant

In Wikipedia, said that Carica papaya plant is one of plants that has erect and wet trunk. This plant resembled the palm. His flower was white and the ripe fruit was yellow reddish, it seems like melon. High this tree could reach 8 until 10 meters with strong root. The sheet of his leaves resembled the hands palm of humankinds. The cavity in Carica Papaya fruit has the shape like the star if it was cut off crosswise. In a book “Tanaman Obat Kelurga”from National Healthy Department said that Carica papaya plant can grow very fast and can produces many of fruits. In tropical land, every plant of Carica papaya can produce more than 50 up to 150 fruits every year.

B. The Benefit of Carica papaya plant

Every parts of the Carica papaya plant have the usefulness. Moreover his latex that was met in every part of papaya, from the leaves, the stick, to his root, was anti tumor and cancer. This was caused because more than 50 amino acids that were gotten inside. From various researches was explained that the stick and leaves of Carica papaya plant contained of much white milky latex that had an opportunity to be developed as anti cancer.

The benefit of papaya latex for the health proven by Bouchut scientifically like that said in Journal Society of Biology, he said that papain that was met in papaya plants was enabled to be developed as anti cancer and tumor. It is because of the content of the compound carpain, the alkaloid that have ring lactonat with seven chain groups’ metilen. With that configuration not only tumor and skin illness that was cured, carpain also potent hindered the achievement of several micro-organisms that disturb the function of digestion, so as effective to press the cause of typhus. Ramsawamy and Sirsi in Journal of Indian Pharmation proved the dose 0, 01% karpain in ethanol hindered the development lymphoid and lymphosis leukemia. The number of compounds karpain in Carica papaya plant latex reached 0.4%.Apart from the tumor, karpain could reduce blood pressure and the pacemaker, Said calmed Sosrodiharjo, the researcher papain in the Centre of Horticultural Research and Development, Department of Agriculture. People who have the heart disease need 0,01 g/the day; hypertension, 20 mg/the day karpain hidroklorida.Beside that, the papain content in latex of Carica papaya plant also proven inactive the achievement of insulin as being researched by Wutzemann and Livshis in 1923.Owing to the content 11, 6 % potassium benzylglucosinolate in could reduce blood sugar at the same time speeding up injured recuperation. The achievement was helped by acid hydrocyanic that had an antiseptic nature. Papain then contained 1.2% functioning sulphur treated the skin illness like the pimple, the wart, the scar, and as remover hair cream. At the time, his productivity reached 1 kg latex per the crop. Beside that, People who have fat bodies in the United States routine consumed papaya latex in the capsule to eliminate gas resulting from high gluten food. In fact if Indonesia could develop papain was of high quality, countries like the United States, Belgium, England and the Netherlands were ready accommodated together with his one million benefits.

Besides of those beneficial, the roots of Carica papaya can used to make worm medicine. It is by adding the garlic and water. Linda is one of people who have tried to make the worm medicine from the roots of Carica papaya. And she said that the result is more effective than the others worm medicines which often sell in shop. Not only that, Munaharoh has feel used the leaves of Carica papaya plant to increase eat desire for her son after he sick. She only adding the leaves of Carica papaya plant with salt and warm water and then she refined it.

At last, Latex of leaves and raw fruits of Carica papaya plant were extracted to use as the material mixture of meat padding commercially. It is by rubbing latex in leaves and fruits of Carica papaya to meat. But now, many of people use the latex commercially, they use meat softener with latex by make meat softener in packages. Usually it is sells in supermarket or in chemist shop. And there are many of beneficial of Carica papaya plant that can not show in this paper.

CHAPTER III

DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Carica papaya Plant

Definition of Carica papaya Plant

Carica Papaya plant is one of plants that has erect and wet trunk. This plant resembled the palm. His flower was white and the ripe fruit was yellow reddish, it seems like melon. High this tree could reach 8 until 10 meters with strong root. The sheet of his leaves resembled the hands palm of humankinds. The cavity in Carica Papaya fruit has the shape like the star if it was cut off crosswise. Papaya plant can grow very fast and can produce many of fruits. In tropical land, every plant of Carica papaya can produce more than 50 up to 150 fruits every year.

The Classification of Carica Papaya Plants

Kingdom : Plantae

Divisio : Spermathophyta

Sub Divisio : Angiosspermae

Class : Dicotyledonae

Familia : Cariccaceae

Ordo : Caricales

Genus : Carica

Spesies : Carica papaya

B. The Composition of Carica papaya Plant

1. The Composition of Carica papaya Plant Generally

Papain Content

       Papain is one of the enzymes was strongest that was produced by all the part of the Carica papaya crop. The enzyme is the complex molecule that was produced by living creatures to speed up the reaction of chemistry in the cell. Inside Carica papaya plant, latex including the proteolitik enzyme. The basic protein solved the protein compound to peptone. The others example of the enzyme proteolitik are bromelain to pineapples, rennin to cattle and the pig.

       His use was still rare because of being difficult to be extracted and his activity was lower compared to papain.But, papain often meet in Carica papaya fruit that still was green. Papain was received through the tapping of latex minimum Carica papaya was 3 months old. Afterwards latex wetting in the temperature 60 - 70oC for 12 hours. If the temperature was too high, the enzyme proteolitik in papain would break. After being purified with ethanol 95%, changing latex became white flour through to yellowish with the feeling and the special smell.

       The quality of papain depends of the papaya kind, the number of incisions, and the interval of the tapping, the drainage method, and the storage. The production research papain from various papaya kinds was carried out by Dudung Muhidin in the Centre of Horticultural Research and Development, Jakarta, in 1974. Papaya that had the highest proteolitik content was Cibinong Carica papaya, it was achieved 113.02 units/gram British Standard. Whereas the Benefit from papain including being as follows:

1.     The Purifier of Beer

                            The drink Industry did not escape needed latex of papain.In America often was used by the beer company. With the increase papain produced the colour was clearer and the strong feeling. That because of the content of ascorbic acid and glutathione acid that was contained papain. The two fatty acids maintained the stability of the colour when being cooled down.

                                     The drink of fermentation of wheat became dark under the temperature of reason space for protein settled. Then, papain dissolved him. Apart from the colour, the activity papain also produced low beer calorie and durable.

2.    The Meat Softener

                Until Now papaya latex that was gotten to the leaves indeed was more made use of for the softening of meat by means of wrapping raw meat in these leaves for several hours in the temperature of the room. Moreover, the Carica papaya leaves immediately could be rubbed-rubbed to the surface of meat. Leaves polishing were to meat meant to issue latex (latex) that was met to the leaves in order to go out, afterwards entered meat. Since 1850 papain was applied in Brazil. The Indian ethnic group often ate stratified meat papaya raw latex. Meat became so softer. Besides, the Indian inhabitants consumed him with honey as worm medicine. People who had fat bodies in the United States also the routine consumed papaya latex in the capsule to eliminate gas resulting from high gluten food.

3.     Insulin Works Inactivation

               Papain was also proven inactive the achievement of insulin as being researched by Wutzemann and Livshis in 1923. Owing to the content 11,6 % potassium benzylglucosinolate, he could reduce blood sugar at the same time speeding up injured recuperation. The achievement was helped by acid hidrosianik that was antiseptic.

4.     As Pimple Medicines

                Papain contain of 1.2% functioning sulphur treated the skin illness like the pimple, the wart, the scar, and as cream of the hair remover. Not only that, even the leaves and his seed also could be useful. The content of the enzyme papain, the alkaloid karpaino, psudokarpaina, glikosid, karposid and saponin, sucrose, dextrose as well as laevulose to his leaves evidently had the usefulness for overcame the pimple. So only was not glad to made vegetables, the papaya leaves could help you more believed in your self. .May it was like very traditional indeed, remembered so many pimple medicines that were produced in all the variants. But if you indeed searched that could be enough to be relied on to reduce the naughty pimple on the face, possibly recipes from these papaya leaves could become the choice that could be considered.

5.  Anti Cancer and Tumour

               It was proven that, Papain was anti tumour. The role was carried out by the content of the compound karpain, the alkaloid that has ring laktonat with 7 chain groups metilen. Moreover, Ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) was a group of toxic protein that was produced several crops. One of them is the Carica papaya plant. Because of the toxic characteristics, RIP that was met in the papaya leaves could be developed as medicine (imunotoksin) with the road was assembled with an antibody that could carry him to the target cell, so as will be more selective. Imunotoksin could was hoped used for cancer therapy, which is breasts cancer. The faction of leaves protein of Carica papaya it was known contained RIP was based on the DNA reduction test the super-coil and the activity of N-glikosidase in rRNA yeast.

6.  Speed Up Prows the Digestion

                  The content of the enzyme papain in papaya functioned speed up prows the digestion of protein. The level of protein in papaya was not too high, only 4-6 gram per kilogram heavy, but almost completely could be digested and absorbed by bodies. It was caused the enzyme papain in papaya could digest the substance totalling 35 times was bigger than his measurement.

7.     Prevent the Disturbance of the Kidney, High Blood Pressure, and the Menstruation Disturbance

               The Papain content in the leaves, and the papaya root could be indeed made use of prevented the disturbance of the kidney, being sick the bladder, hypertension, and the disturbance of menstruation. Now the papaya seed has, the benefit treated the bracelet worm, the digestion disturbance, caught a cold, and diarrhoea.

8.     The Manufacturer of  Animal Protein

            The function of protein breakers was precisely made use of for the production of the high product animal protein. In France and Germany, the fish rejected in the canning industry was gathered to one and was poured by 1% papain. Results, fish protein for the replacement of milk skim, the source of protein and substitution of the extract of tuna of heart oil that his price soared. The producer of cheese, margarine, and chewing gum also needed him. Papain was used in the freezing of milk to margarine and cheese. Results were softer and the price was cheaper compared to when making use of the rennin enzyme.

9.       Use of the Organic Component of Carica papaya plant in the Pharmation World

               There were several organic components in papain that most was needed the world of the pharmacy. The component was benzylglucosinolate, benzylisothiosianat (BITC), the co-route, karpain, pseudokarpain, and dehidrokarpain. BITC effective as treatment the wound and insecticide.Whereas the co-route, stimulan to moderate nerves muscles.

10. Hyperplasia

11. Anti Mosquito

12.  The Sun Curtain

13. Anti Disentriae

14. The skin Tanner

15. Yeast biscuit

b.      More Than 50 Amino Acids Content

      More than 50 amino acids were contained in dry pawpaws latex including acid aspartat, treonin, serin, acid glutamat, pro-the route, glisin, alanin, valine, isoleusin, leusin, tirosin, phenilalanin, histidin, lysin, arginin, tritophan, and sistein.They united firmly to the raw material of the cosmetic industry to refine skin, strengthened the network so that more elastic, and guarded teeth from the pile of the plaque.

c.       Karpain Content

      The Content of the Karpain Compound was proven that, the content of the compound karpain in papaya latex, the alkaloid has ring  laktonat with 7 chain groups of metilen. With that configuration, not only the tumour and the skin illness that were cured by  Karpain but also potent hindered the achievement of several micro-organisms. Karpain digested micro-organisms protein and changed him into the descendant’s compound had a name peptone. So the foster-mother would the lack of food and died. It is happened to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of the TBC, the Komagome B III dysentery virus (Ichikawa), and Typhoid bacilli, the cause typus. Not only that, the Dose 0,01% karpain in ethanol could hinder the development lymphoid and lymphosis leukemia. Whereas the number of compounds karpain to papaya latex reached 0,4%. Karpain also could reduce blood pressure and the pacemaker. That was the reason people who have the heart disease need 0,01 g/the day; hypertension, 20 mg/the day karpain hidroklorida.

d.      The Level of High Fibre

      Carica papaya plant has the level of high fibre. That was the reason during experienced was difficult to defecate, papaya was just right to be consumed.

e.       The Vitamin Content

      Just did not have high fibre, papaya also contain of various enzyme, vitamins, and the mineral. Even the content of his vitamin A more than carrots and vitamin C was higher than the citrus fruit. Rich with complex vitamin B and vitamin E

2.      The Composition Every Part of Carica Papaya Plant

a. The Carica papaya Fruit Composition

1.  The Content of Ripe Papaya Fruit (100 gr)

a)       Calorie 46 cal

b)      Vitamin A 365 cal

c)       Vitamin B1 0.04 mg

d)      Vitamin C 78 mg

e)        Calcium 23 mg

f)        The Carbohydrate 12,2 gram

g)        Phosphorus 12 mg

h)       The Iron 1,7 mg

i)         Protein 0,5 mg

j)        Water 86.7 gram

2.  The Content of Raw Papaya Fruit (100 gr)

a)       Calorie 26 calorie.

b)      Fat 0,1 gram

c)       Protein 2,1 gram

d)      The Carbohydrate 4,9 gram

e)       Calcium 50 mg

f)        Phosphorus 16 mg

g)       The Iron 0,4 mg

h)       Vitamin A 50 THE

i)         Vitamin B1 0,02 mg

j)        Vitamin C 19 mg

k)      Water 92,4 gram

l)         The antibiotic Element, which could be used for medical treatment  without the side-effect

m)     Contained the element of the substance caricaksantin and violaksantin that could make the digestion of food more perfect, besides having the power that could make the reactive urine sour.

b. The Carica papaya Leaves Composition

 The papaya leaves also contain of various substance sorts, in part:

a)       Vitamin A

b)      Vitamin B1 0,15 mg

c)       Vitamin C 140 mg

d)      Calorie 79 cal

e)       Protein 8,0 gram

f)        Fat 2 gram

g)       The Carbohydrate 11,9 gram

h)        Calcium 353 mg

i)         Phosphorus 63 mg

j)        The Iron 0,8 mg

k)      Water 75,4 gram

l)         The Content carposide that itchy as worm medicine

c.   The Carica papaya Roots Composition

                   The Roots and latex of Carica papaya plant contain of several substances, like:

a)       Papayotin

b)      Karpain

c)       Kautsyuk

d)      Karposit

e)       Vitamin

C. The Benefit of Carica papaya Plant

1. Explanation about the Benefit of Carica Papaya Plant

a. The Benefit of Papaya Leaves

1. As the controller of blood pressure. It is by being boiled

2. To dengue fever medicine. It is by being boiled with added temulawak, red sugar and meniran

3. As the medicine of pain stomach ache during menstruation. It is by being boiled with added acid and salt

4. To treat the kidney stone. It is by being boiled

5. To treat Hypertension

6. To treat Malaria

7. To treat whitish illness

8. To overcame malnutrition

b. The Benefit of Papaya Latex

1. To medicine of burn injury and very itchy on skin ( as outside medicine ) It is by polish row papaya latex

2. As the meat softener. It is by rubbing latex in papaya leaves to meat.

3. Be one of the raw materials of the cosmetic industry. Because it could refine skin. Strengthened the texture to be more elastic and keep teeth from pile of the plaque.

4. To overcame the cancer and tumour. Because in papaya latex was contain the compound of papain.

c. The Benefit of Papaya Roots

1. To worm medicine. It s by adding the garlic and water.

2. As the drink freshener. It is by adding the papaya leaves.

3. To prevent the risk of the kidney stone. It is by being boiled and refined. The result of the filter was drunk by adding a little honey.

4. To overcame hypertension. It is by being boiled and refined. Result of the filter was drunk before sleeping.

5. To overcame the disturbance of the channel urinated. It is by being boiled and refined.

d. The Benefit of Papaya Plant Seeds

Eat one teaspoon of the raw papaya seeds in the empty stomach condition every day, could prevent and eradicate the worm as well as the other parasite ( as the program anti parasite )

e. The Benefit of Ripe Papaya Fruit

a. To increase absorption of fiber that helped keep the digestion organ at the same time expedited defecated as the substance caricaksantin and violaksantin

b. Papaya fruit contained the element antibiotic that could be used for medical treatment without having the side effect

f. The Benefit of Raw Papaya Fruit

a. To overcame excessive menstruation

b. To overcame the lack of mother’s milky (ASI)

2. The Diseases That can Treated and Prevent by Carica Papaya Plants

Many Diseases that can treated and by Carica Papaya Plant

a. Tumor

b. Cancer

c. Worm diseases

d. Kidney Stone

e. Hypertension

f. Malaria

g. Whitish illness

h. Lack of Mother’s milky

i. Rheumatic

j. Malnutrition

k. Disturbance of the channel urinated

l. Disturbance of Menstruation

m. Excessive Menstruation

3.       Explanation How to Used Parts of Carica papaya Plants to Treat Diseases

a. The kidney stone

 The material: 7 sheets of the Papaya leaves

 The Instruction and Used: used the formula 3-5-7 plus, it’s meaning that:

1)First Day, 3 sheets of the still luxuriant papaya leaves were boiled with adequate water, afterwards boiled water these papaya leaves were drunk 1 glass at the same time.

2) Second Day, 5 sheets of the still luxuriant papaya leaves were boiled with adequate water, afterwards water boiled these papaya leaves were drunk 1 glass at the same time.

3)Third Day, 7 sheets of the still luxuriant papaya leaves were boiled with adequate water, afterwards water boiled these papaya leaves were drunk 1 glass at the same time.

4)To close him, was increased by drinking the young coconut juice that was chosen from the green coconut.

                   The note: for that contracted hypertension might not drink this recipe.

b. Hypertension (hypertension)

1.   The material: 2 pieces of the Papaya  root

The Instruction: was boiled with 1 litre water until boiled until there remained 1 glass, afterwards was refined

The Instruction: was drunk by 2 times a day 1 cup

2.       The material: 7 sheets of the leaves or the Tapakdara flower

The Instruction: Boiled with 1 water glass and was left alone several times and refine it

The Instruction: was drunk gazed at sleep.

c. Malaria

The Material: 1 sheet of the papaya leaves, rotten a cake of fermented soybeans. Of the thumb, adequate salt.

The instruction: all these materials were pounded soft, afterwards was blackmailed and refined to be taken his water.

The instruction: was drunk by 1 time a day for 7 days according to- joined in.

d.  Whitish Sick

 The Material: 1 sheet of the papaya leaves, 1 piece of the root of    tall  grass, the dill pulosari adequate.

The instruction: the papaya leaves were minced, afterwards was boiled with the other material with 1,5 litre water until boiled and refined

   The Instruction: was drunk by 1 time a day 1 glass and was carried out in an orderly fashion.

e.       The Lack of the Mother Milky(ASI)

The Material: papaya that still were green (young) without being skinned.

The instruction: This papaya was divided into 2 parts, partly was boiled with water and another part used the vinegar.

The instruction: boiled water that drunken 2-3 teaspoons a day and was carried out in an orderly fashion.

f.     Rheumatic

1.             The material: papaya, 2 items of the no pedigreed egg; the Instruction: papaya were cut off by his profile afterwards the egg was put in papaya through the hole that was made by cutting off this profile, being closed again by meetings and being burnt as far as the available egg inside cook.

The Instruction: the egg that has cooked this was eaten the morning and evening

2.             The material: 2 pieces of the papaya root, 1 sheet of the papaya leaves

The Instruction: the two materials were pounded soft, afterwards were boiled with 1 litre water until boiled and were   refined.

The instruction: was drunk by 1 time a day 1 glass in the afternoon.

g.    Malnutrition

1.      The material: 2 sheets of the papaya leaves, 3 stems of the spare shield leaves, the adequate betel lime.

The instruction: all these materials were pounded together until soft.

The instruction: was utilised as the powder and polish to the pre-school stomach that was sick.

2.             The material: 1 sheet of the papaya leaves

The Instruction: was boiled with 1.5 water glasses until boiled, afterwards was refined to be taken the water.

The Instruction: Drunken to pre-schoolers 2 tablespoons every day.

h. The disturbance of the channel urinated

The Material: 3 pieces of the papaya root

The Instruction: was boiled with 1 liter water until boiled, afterwards was refined.

The instruction: was drunk by 1 time a day 0.5 glasses.

i. Disturbance of Menstruation

The Material: papaya that still were green (young) the Instruction: was boiled with water until cooked.

The instruction: was eaten his meat.

j. Have a stomach-ache when menstruation

The Material: 1 sheet of the papaya leaves, acid and adequate

Salt.

CHAPTER IV

A. Conclusion

From this paper, we can conclude that:

Carica papaya plant is one of medicine plant that very useful for our body’s health.
The substances of Carica papaya plant are vitamin, mineral, amino acid, karpain, papain and many of bio natural substances which have special function and configuration.
The benefit of Carica papaya plant for our bodies healthy is participating in treated and prevent many of diseases and help many of organ system process, especially in digestion process.
Carica papaya can treated and prevent many of diseases because it is contained of many substances that have special configurations and special functions to treat and prevent many of diseases. Especially the karpain and papain content which can treated tumor and cancer
Carica papaya plant is very important to body’s health because the substances in Carica papaya plant very beneficial and the substances of Carica papaya plant can’t find in an others plant

B. Suggestion

To more benefice Carica papaya plant, the writer give some suggestion for society belows:

Because Carica papaya plant is very useful for our bodies healthy, we must benefice every part of Carica papaya plant better than before.
It is important to know more about Carica papaya plant for developing of natural resources.
It is better if society know more about the beneficial of Carica papaya plant, because they can more benefice Carica papaya plant better than before.
It is important to give information more clearly for society about Carica papaya plant and others medicine plant especially in the useful and the beneficial. So the society don’t neglect and to waste that medicine plant.
We must more develop the beneficial of Carica papaya plant for bodies healthy and others surface of life.